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The Water Crisis Isn't Over

by: Robert Cruickshank

Tue Mar 03, 2009 at 09:30:22 AM PST


Recent storms have eased our water worries to a degree - the state Department of Water Resources reports that the Sierra snowpack is at 80% of normal. But because of the dry winters of 2007 and 2008, California still needs much more precipitation:

Elissa Lynn, a meteorologist for the Department of Water Resources, said the water content in the snow would have to be between 120 to 130 percent of normal by April 1 to replenish the state's reservoirs, the largest of which are less than half full. "That's just the snowpack," Lynn said. "We need to have rainfall in the mountains continuing through the spring, contributing to the total water supply. That's what we had hardly any of last year."

Rain and snow would have to fall virtually every day this month to get back to normal, a highly unlikely scenario, according to Steve Anderson, meteorologist for the National Weather Service.

The LA Times uses these numbers to explore whether proponents of new dams and canals are overstating the crisis in order to generate support for their favored water projects:

The water interests who have spit out grim news releases the last two months were silent Monday in the face of the growing snowpack.

Those who would like to build new reservoirs and canals and to weaken environmental regulations have invoked the drought like a mantra in recent weeks...

Sen. Dave Cogdill, a Republican who represents agriculture-dependent Modesto, called the drought "epic" when he introduced a $10-billion water bond package last week that includes funding for new reservoirs and other infrastructure.

There's no doubt that folks like Cogdill are trying to take advantage of the crisis - but the water crisis is real, even if it's not quite as bad right now as it looks. On a regional basis the situation is still serious - the Monterey Peninsula, for example, overshot its carrying capacity long ago and has been overdrawing the Carmel River for decades. Growing propulations and more water-intensive agriculture have strained existing resources. And global warming will lead to less water availability for California.

Still, it's important to refuse to let California get shock doctrined by those pushing bad water solutions using the drought as a cover. That was the message Debbie Cook delivered on desalination in a post at The Oil Drum:

The next worst idea to turning tar sands into synthetic crude is turning ocean water into municipal drinking water. Sounds great until you zoom in on the environmental costs and energetic consequences. It may be technically feasible, but in the end it is unsustainable and will be just one more stranded asset.

We're debating desal here in Monterey as well, and Debbie Cook's criticisms of the concept are extremely valuable to us - and to a state that, despite this week's rain, still has to figure out how to secure its water future.

Robert Cruickshank :: The Water Crisis Isn't Over
Tags: , , , , , (All Tags)
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recycled water (0.00 / 0)
I know Los Angeles has a praised program of recycling water that reduces the new water needed, and yet that seemingly has not been enough.  I am straining to figure out what's sustainable here - conservation is a hard sell except at the margins, and without torrential downpours for three straight months we're not going to catch up to demand.

As weird as it may seem (0.00 / 0)
Some of the best models for water management come from Orange County. On the supply side the Orange County Water District has a decades-long success story of managing the ground water basin, including the recently commissioned Ground Water Replenishment System that purifies waste water and injects and trickles it into the ground water basin.

On the demand side, the Irvine Ranch Water District is the model for using price signals to reduce demand. Each household has a generous budget, and five tiers of water rates range from conservation to wasteful, with the money from the top two penalty tiers is funneled into conservation efforts.


No Real Housewives, but plenty of action at Orange County Progressive.

Come for the politics. Stay for dessert.


TOD (0.00 / 0)
You have to take The Oil Drum with a large grain of salt.

Sure, there are some smart people posting useful things there, but there is also a large contingent of the James Kuntsler pro-dieoff crowd who seem to be rooting for a massive collapse of human civilization with consequent mass deaths and won't let trivial things like facts get in their way.

Desalination should be a complete no-brainer for California coastal cities. California has abundant solar power resources and access to unlimited (cold, even!) seawater. Right now, we seem to want to do it the hard way, by making electricity and operating reverse osmosis plants. It can be done more efficiently by using solar thermal power directly, and probably will.


Nobody's opposed to effective solutions (0.00 / 0)
It (desal) can be done more efficiently by using solar thermal power directly, and probably will.

We also might use solar thermal power to beam people from place to place, eliminating all of the costs of cars and parking spaces.

Or just implant everyone with a spinal chip so we can finally realize the sci-fi goal of feelies, so we don't have to leave our pods.

All "should be a complete no-brainer", except that they don't fracking exist.



No Real Housewives, but plenty of action at Orange County Progressive.

Come for the politics. Stay for dessert.


[ Parent ]
I don't know. (0.00 / 0)
I can imagine a desalination plant that uses focused direct solar to boil seawater, use the steam to drive turbines to power its pumps, and then collects the cooled (now desalinated) water for use by the local community.

Dunno how it pencils out, but I'm sure the engineering is manageable.


[ Parent ]
As I understand it (0.00 / 0)
The energy inputs required to drive a reverse osmosis process are truly enormous and can only be accomplished by burning fossil fuels. This is one reason why so many desal plant proposals are "co-located" with existing power plants.

You can check out any time you like but you can never leave

[ Parent ]
That's why I used the word "boil" (0.00 / 0)
so that one is distilling the seawater, not desalinating by reverse osmosis.  Perhaps there's something chemical that I don't understand, however.

[ Parent ]
Patiently, and in good humor (0.00 / 0)
Do you understand that you are engaging in magical thinking?

Debbie Cook sat on a state level committee that brought every interest group to the table, including seasoned professionals from every part of the water industry. This wasn't some group of apocalypticals from the Oil Drum. It was the best professionals from the state.

I was chosen to sit on an ensuing California task force on urban landscape irrigation that included the desal task force report. This was a broad-based group with stakeholders from every conceivable group, and the cost and inefficiency of desal placed it dead last in any consideration of solutions.

There's definitely room to continue to investigate more energy efficient modes of desalinating sea water, and working to build some pilot plants, but we have proven, effective alternatives that work. Why support something that has failed consistently when you have proven, effective solutions?



No Real Housewives, but plenty of action at Orange County Progressive.

Come for the politics. Stay for dessert.


[ Parent ]
I think you're assuming (0.00 / 0)
that I'm advocating desalination instead of these other things that make sense.  I think that we should pursue the things that we know we can do and also continue to look at other possible ways to supplement the water supply.  For example, the notion of using parabolic mirrors to generate heat in order to create steam in order to drive turbines is a relatively new idea for most people.

You don't know me well (at all, obviously), but "magical thinking" is the last thing that anyone who does know me would come to mind.  


[ Parent ]
Don't be stupid (0.00 / 0)
We also might use solar thermal power to beam people from place to place, eliminating all of the costs of cars and parking spaces.

No we can't.

Or just implant everyone with a spinal chip so we can finally realize the sci-fi goal of feelies, so we don't have to leave our pods.

No we can't.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S...

What was that you were saying again?


[ Parent ]
I'm sorry you see TOD that way (0.00 / 0)
Most of the writing there isn't of that sort, but discussions of peak oil tend to attract the apocalyptic.

Desal isn't a "no-brainer" because of the huge questions of environmental impact. Here in Monterey we're debating between three different proposals - Cal-Am's huge desal plant that they want to build at Moss Landing using the reverse osmosis plant powered by burning fossil fuel, drilling wells in Marina to desal and co-locating that with a methane fuel plant at a nearby landfill, and a complex "water for Monterey County solution that involves on-shore drilling, groundwater replenishment of the various regional aquifers, and some winter diversion of the Salinas River.

Again, the energy required to power reverse osmosis is currently difficult to achieve through solar power alone. Shouldn't solar energy be used to wean us off fossil fuels, instead of to power desal plants?

You can check out any time you like but you can never leave


[ Parent ]
Reverse osmosis (0.00 / 0)
Is an energy intensive solution and involves multiple conversions (with subsequent efficiency loss) at every step.

Remember, the sun makes seawater into fresh water on an enormous scale every single day. We collect it when it falls, but because of global climate disruption, where and how much falls is changing and our water system is based on predictable rain and snow fall.

If you look at a map of solar energy potential, California leads the nation by far (in a bullseye centered on Death Valley), which maps fairly well into where urban water is needed most, southern California.

We built dams and aqueducts to collect solar distilled water, let's just build evaporation ponds, condensers and pumps to collect our water at the source instead.
 


[ Parent ]
first of all, we need to get rid of lawns (0.00 / 0)
that don't get active use, esp. as landscaping. cut out all the fat first, then we move to the harder questions.

i don't see desal as a reasonable option at this point, and am very skeptical of the dam building spree cogdill wants us to go on. a serious and sustained effort at water conservation, complete with serious money to help ag transition to the most water-efficient methods (and most soil+climate-appropriate crops) available, is the way to go from here IMO.

that and bulldozing a lot of the currently foreclosed houses, esp. in the really arid parts of the state. if people want to live in the desert, they need to live like desert people. if people want to live up in the foothills, they need to dig cisterns. or else they need to be told up front that in a bad drought year, they may be asked to leave when the aquifers run out.

energy's going to get really tight for us really soon. pumping that much new energy demand into desal just to avoid dealing with some unsustainable habits really isn't the best choice.

surf putah, your friendly neighborhood central valley samizdat


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