(There are plenty of lessons to be learned from CA-50. – promoted by SFBrianCL)
Many expected a perfect storm of discontent would put a Democrat over the top in the June 6th special election to replace convicted felon Randy “Duke” Cunningham, even in the notoriously red 50th Congressional district. So why then did squeaky clean soccer-mom and school board member, Francine Busby lose to Brian Bilbray, a carpet-bagging, former Republican-Congressman-turned-lobbyist, by 4 points, 49% to 45%, especially given the central issue of corruption?
We wanted to find out. So we at The Courage Campaign joined forces with Matt and Chris at MyDD and raised the money and hired Wright consulting to conduct a post-mortem poll of the district. Over 21 days, we spoke to 503 special election voters as well as 188 who voted in 2003/4 but sat this one out. The full results can be found HERE.
Follow me over the flip for a stroll through a summary of our results and analysis.
Remember all the theories that were offered up as explanations for Busby’s loss? We polled them and what we found was that conventional wisdom was just wrong.
Take immigration. Conventional wisdom held that in this Southern California district, Bilbray’s harsh anti-immigrant rhetoric riled up the base and turned them out for the Republican. In actuality, our data shows that Republican turnout was not impressive and, in fact, voters were evenly split between Bilbray’s anti-immigrant rhetoric (44% felt it was closer to their personal view) and Busby’s more progressive immigration message (42%.)
contrary to many pundits, both moderates and Independents were far more drawn to progressive immigration messaging of the sort Busby gave rather than the harsh, punitive rhetoric from conservatives in the district (Q17b and Q17c). It is possible that such harsh rhetoric kept the Republican base together, but it should also be noted that no one, not even conservatives, believe that Republicans in Congress will be able to thwart Bush and enact harsh immigration legislation.
And what about Francine Busby’s eleventh hour gaffe in which she said “you don’t need papers for voting…you don’t need to be a registered voter to help…” to an immigrant crowd? Some thought that comment single-handedly lost her the election. On the contrary, our results show that the voters who thought less of Busby as a result of her comments were mostly pre-disposed to voting for Bilbray already; in addition, most voters had already made up their minds or had voted by the time this statement was repeated in the media. There is no evidence to suggest that this was the key swing issue in the election.
This “gaffe” was widely publicized in local and conservative media. While the “gaffe” was widely known (61% of voters had heard about it, Q11), and while it hurt her image among many voters (41% of those who heard about it said it gave them a less favorable opinion of her, Q11a), those voters were overwhelmingly within Bilbray’s conservative and Republican base (Q11).
And then, of course, there was the theory that Busby’s base did not turn out. According to our data Democrats were motivated and showed up in huge numbers relative to their registration in the 50th.
Voter registration in the district is 29.7% Democratic, 44.5% Republican, and 25.8% Independent / Other (source here). The partisan breakdown of the MyDD / Courage Campaign poll, which has the final vote results within one-tenth of one-percent for all candidates, was 39% registered Democrats, 43% registered Republicans, and 18% Independents / Others (see Q5). In other words, Democrats turned out in force, Republicans were slightly below par, and Independents barely showed up at all.
After all the theories, after all the armchair quarterbacking, it turns out that it was this very basic fact, that Independents did not turn out for Francine Busby, that cost her the election.
While Francine Busby won a plurality of the Independent / Other vote (she received 40% to 34% for Bilbray) (Q5), given low Independent turnout (18%) and the heavily Republican nature of the district, this margin was insufficient to win the election. One major problem for Busby was that third-party candidates received a surprising 26% of the Independent vote (Q5).
As Chris Bowers has said:
In a district this Republican, in order for Democrats to win, they need a large Independent turnout and a large margin among Independents. Francine Busby got neither.
So then we asked ourselves why this was. Clearly, there was an opportunity here for Busby. While the district is “red,” voter discontent at the federal level runs high.
58% of voters surveyed (60% of all independents) said the country is on the wrong track. Compare that with just 37% of voters (38% of Independents) who feel California is on the wrong track.
Similarly, Bush approval mirrors that of the nation. Only 36% of respondents approve of the job the president is doing (just 24% of Independents.) By contrast, Arnold Schwarzenegger enjoys a 66% approval rating (63% among Independents.)
In a district where a decisive majority thinks both that the country is headed in the wrong direction and that the President is not doing a good job, how could Busby lose?
Mistake number one: she ran on the “culture of corruption.” This message simply didn’t play. While Cunningham may have been corrupt, since there was no evidence that Bilbray was, Busby could not effectively convince voters that she would be any different.
In an open-ended question where poll participants gave reasons for their vote, less than 2% cited Republican corruption as a reason for voting for Busby (Q9). Further, while people in the district viewed Bilbray as more corrupt than Busby (Q18b), Independents in particular still view Democrats as being corrupt, and as such do not believe Democrats can solve the corruption problem in Washington (Q20a.)
Mistake number two: Francine Busby failed to define herself. While she had positions that distinguished her from her opponent, a cohesive identity did not emerge among voters on either candidate.
When poll participants were given a battery of character and candidate quality phrases, in all but two cases the combination of “neither” and “don’t know” was the most common response…Never once did a majority of participants in the poll ascribe a characteristic to one candidate. (Q18a through Q18h.)
In fact, we found that neither candidate succeeded in making a credible case that they would make a bit of difference in D.C., whether it was Busby’s promise to “clean up Washington” and her defiance of Bush’s war plan, or Bilbray’s stance on immigration, which was well to the right of Bush. In other words:
Voters did not believe either candidate’s vow to change President Bush’s policies…Thus, while Independents hold an outlook very similar to Democrats on a range of people and issues, including the Bush administration, the direction of the country, and public policy, they are not turning to Democrats (or even bothering to vote).
Which leads us to the following hypothesis and strategy for November:
Swing voters want politicians who will stand up to George Bush, stop his agenda, and hold him accountable for problems that have occurred under his watch both at home and abroad.
That’s right, no more “culture of corruption,” and no more laundry lists of things we’ll do if in power. WE WILL STAND UP TO GEORGE BUSH period. Hell, it’s working for Ned Lamont among Connecticut Democrats and we think it can work against Republicans nationwide. To see if we’re right, we’re back in the field doing some follow-up polling, the results of which we’ll be releasing soon. Like the first poll, we’re relying on the netroots to help fund it, so if you’re so inclined, we’re taking donations HERE.
Thanks for reading and I look forward to your thoughts in comments here or over at The Courage Campaign.